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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*ben|iface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"joy, pleasureface="Times New Roman Star"ðàäîñòü, óäîâîëüñòâèåface="Times New Roman Star"ben|i, men|iface="Times New Roman Star"men|i (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 348, Ëåêñèêà 195 (sub 'brain').
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo"n|re-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to howlface="Times New Roman Star"êðè÷àòü (â ïåðâóþ î÷åðåäü, î æèâîòíîì)face="Times New Roman Star"mu"n|re- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"mu"n|re- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"bo"gu"r-face="Times New Roman Star"mo"gre|-face="Times New Roman Star"mun|ra- (Sangl.)
face="Times New Roman Star"mo"ri-

face="Times New Roman Star"mo"n|n|u"r-, mo"n|re-face="Times New Roman Star"mu":re-
face="Times New Roman Star"mo":ro":-

face="Times New Roman Star"mo"n|u"ru"o"-, mo"gu"ru"o"-
face="Times New Roman Star"mo":re-
face="Times New Roman Star"mo":ro":-face="Times New Roman Star"mo"n|ire-
face="Times New Roman Star"mo"n|ra"-

face="Times New Roman Star"mo"vra"-face="Times New Roman Star"mo"n|ra"-

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 342, EDT 770, ÝÑÒß 7. The variant *ban|ra- is also attested (see VEWT 327).
face="Times New Roman Star"*ogryface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"thiefface="Times New Roman Star"âîðface="Times New Roman Star"og|ry (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"og|ry (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"uuru
face="Times New Roman Star"og|ry (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.g|riface="Times New Roman Star"og|ri, og|urface="Times New Roman Star"og|urface="Times New Roman Star"og|ruface="Times New Roman Star"og|ryface="Times New Roman Star"og|yrface="Times New Roman Star"og|ryface="Times New Roman Star"u:r
face="Times New Roman Star"vúw|rúw|face="Times New Roman Star"uor- 'to steal'face="Times New Roman Star"uor- 'to steal'face="Times New Roman Star"o:rface="Times New Roman Star"o:ryface="Times New Roman Star"u:ruface="Times New Roman Star"u>ry



face="Times New Roman Star"og|ryface="Times New Roman Star"uryface="Times New Roman Star"og|ryface="Times New Roman Star"oru, uruface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 90, ÝÑÒß 1, 412-414, TMN 2, 77-78, Stachowski 244. Turk. > Mong. *og|urc?ak, see Ùåðáàê 1997, 164; Hung. or, orv 'mischievous', see Gombocz 1912.
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:rface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"manface="Times New Roman Star"ìóæ÷èíàface="Times New Roman Star"er (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"er (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"irface="Times New Roman Star"er (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"a"rface="Times New Roman Star"jerface="Times New Roman Star"a"r 'husband'face="Times New Roman Star"a":rface="Times New Roman Star"irface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"ha"rface="Times New Roman Star"arface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"er



face="Times New Roman Star"irface="Times New Roman Star"er
face="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"er adamface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"erface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 46, TMN 2, 178-9, EDT 192, ÝÑÒß 1, 290-291, Ëåêñèêà 303, 561, Åãîðîâ 30, Stachowski 46, 128.
face="Times New Roman Star"*omur/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"shoulderface="Times New Roman Star"ïëå÷î

face="Times New Roman Star"omuz
face="Times New Roman Star"omuz (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"o.miz


face="Times New Roman Star"omuz



face="Times New Roman Star"úw|múw|r







face="Times New Roman Star"omuz
face="Times New Roman Star"omuz

face="Times New Roman Star"omuzface="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 453-455, Ëåêñèêà 240.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ko":l/ekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"young of camelface="Times New Roman Star"âåðáëþæîíîê

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?ek, go"s?ek (dial.), go"lu"k 'cub'
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?ek (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"ku"s?ek (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?a"kface="Times New Roman Star"ko":s?ek



face="Times New Roman Star" > Hung. ko"lyo"k (see Gombocz 1912)






face="Times New Roman Star"ko"lo"ke|j 'calf'


face="Times New Roman Star"ko"s?ek (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"kile|j (dial.) 'cub'face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 5, 126-127.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ubutface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 shame 2 to be ashamedface="Times New Roman Star"1 ñòûä 2 ñòûäèòüñÿface="Times New Roman Star"ubut (Orkh.) 1face="Times New Roman Star"uvut (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"ut, -du 1, ut-an- 2


face="Times New Roman Star"uvat, ubat 1
face="Times New Roman Star"ut-an- 2face="Times New Roman Star"ut-an- 2













face="Times New Roman Star"ut-an- 2



face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 561-563.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u:r/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"master, craftsmanface="Times New Roman Star"ìàñòåðface="Times New Roman Star"uz (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"uz (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"uz
face="Times New Roman Star"uz (Pav. C.)
face="Times New Roman Star"us

face="Times New Roman Star"u:zface="Times New Roman Star"usface="Times New Roman Star"usface="Times New Roman Star"us

face="Times New Roman Star"u:sface="Times New Roman Star"u:sface="Times New Roman Star"us
face="Times New Roman Star"uz



face="Times New Roman Star"uz



face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 277, ÝÑÒß 1, 569-570, Stachowski 248.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"rs, *o"rsenface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 river, river bed 2 to flowface="Times New Roman Star"1 ðåêà, ðóñëî ðåêè 2 òå÷ü
face="Times New Roman Star"o"zen (AH) 1





face="Times New Roman Star"o"z- 2face="Times New Roman Star"o"zen 1



face="Times New Roman Star"vazan 1face="Times New Roman Star"o"ru"s 1












face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 510-511.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sAmarface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 sack, saddle pack 2 big wooden vesselface="Times New Roman Star"1 âüþ÷íûé ìåøîê 2 áîëüøîé äåðåâÿííûé ñîñóä



face="Times New Roman Star"samar 1 (Pav. C.)









face="Times New Roman Star"ampara 'íàëó÷ (êîë÷àí)' (Ïåê.) ?



face="Times New Roman Star"samar 2
face="Times New Roman Star"hamar 2


face="Times New Roman Star"samar 2

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 399.
face="Times New Roman Star"*tik-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to hate, fearface="Times New Roman Star"íåíàâèäåòü, áîÿòüñÿ

face="Times New Roman Star"tiksin-




face="Times New Roman Star"diksin-face="Times New Roman Star"tiksin-








face="Times New Roman Star"tikiren|de- 'to assault viciously'face="Times New Roman Star"tik-baqaj 'stubborn, violent', tikiren|de- id.

face="Times New Roman Star"tiklik 'tension (of relations)'




face="Times New Roman Star"Somewhat unclear voicing in Az. See Äûáî 1991.
face="Times New Roman Star"*c?eknface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"part of shoulder between the neck and shoulderbladeface="Times New Roman Star"÷àñòü ïëå÷à ìåæäó øååé è ëîïàòêîéface="Times New Roman Star"c?ikin (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ekin, dial. c?eg|in, c?eg|n
face="Times New Roman Star"c?ikin (Abush., Sangl.)


face="Times New Roman Star"c?ijinface="Times New Roman Star"c?igin


face="Times New Roman Star"c?i:nface="Times New Roman Star"s/an 'body'













face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 415, VEWT 103, Äûáî 129-130, Ëåêñèêà 238-239 (see there about details of phonetic reconstruction).
face="Times New Roman Star"*sarykface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 sheep 2 a k. of tailless sheepface="Times New Roman Star"1 îâöà 2 ðóññêàÿ îâöà (áåç êóðäþêà)


face="Times New Roman Star"saryq 1





face="Times New Roman Star"sara-dax 'a 2-year-old maral', sar-tax 'young of a roe' (Áîðã.)face="Times New Roman Star"{sartak 'reindeer' (UEW)}face="Times New Roman Star"{sardak '1-year-old maral' (UEW)}
face="Times New Roman Star"sorúx 1

face="Times New Roman Star"sara-daq 'a 2-year-old maral'

face="Times New Roman Star"saryq 2
face="Times New Roman Star"haryq 1


face="Times New Roman Star"saryq 2

face="Times New Roman Star"Ëåêñèêà 432, ÝÑÒß 7, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 66. {Turk. > WMo. sarlug|, Kh. sarlag| 'yak'?}
face="Times New Roman Star"*o:pur/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"rough, uneven groundface="Times New Roman Star"âîçâûøåíèå, íåðîâíîñòü ïî÷âû
face="Times New Roman Star"opuz (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"obuz





face="Times New Roman Star"o:bur 'precipice'


















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 17. Cf. also Chuv. juba 'pillar' (in particular, 'grave pillar') - unlike other forms like Khak. oba:, hardly borrowed from Mong. obug|a.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o:paface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"village, clanface="Times New Roman Star"äåðåâíÿ, ðîä
face="Times New Roman Star"oba (MK Oghuz)

face="Times New Roman Star"oba



face="Times New Roman Star"o:ba


















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 5, ÝÑÒß 1, 400-401.
face="Times New Roman Star"*irk-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to gatherface="Times New Roman Star"ñîáèðàòü(ñÿ)
face="Times New Roman Star"irk- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"irk-
face="Times New Roman Star"irk- (Pav. C.)



face="Times New Roman Star"irik- (dial.)








face="Times New Roman Star"irk-il-face="Times New Roman Star"irk-







face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 221, ÝÑÒß 1, 378-379.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sarynface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"song, sad songface="Times New Roman Star"ïåñíÿ, çàóíûâíàÿ ïåñíÿ



face="Times New Roman Star"sarna- (R) 'to sing'




face="Times New Roman Star"sarynface="Times New Roman Star"sarynface="Times New Roman Star"saryn



face="Times New Roman Star"syryn

face="Times New Roman Star"saryn






face="Times New Roman Star"sarynface="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 404, ÝÑÒß 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*TEk- ?face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 yurt poles 2 small yurtface="Times New Roman Star"1 êóïîëüíûå øåñòû þðòû è ñêðåïëÿþùèé èõ îáîä 2 íåáîëüøàÿ þðòà









face="Times New Roman Star"tek 'pole, post (for tying horses)' (Abakan, Âåðá.)







face="Times New Roman Star"aq tiger 1, tegirtmek 2face="Times New Roman Star"aq tyg|yr 1







face="Times New Roman Star"Ëåêñèêà 502.
face="Times New Roman Star"*se:k-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to jumpface="Times New Roman Star"ïðûãàòü, ñêàêàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"sekri- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"sek-, sejir-face="Times New Roman Star"siker-face="Times New Roman Star"sek-, segri- (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"sa"kra"-face="Times New Roman Star"sa"kra"-
face="Times New Roman Star"sa"k-, sa"jri-face="Times New Roman Star"segre- (arch.), sa":kdir- 'to gallop'face="Times New Roman Star"segir-face="Times New Roman Star"segri-face="Times New Roman Star"sekir-, segir-
face="Times New Roman Star"sik-face="Times New Roman Star"ekkirie-face="Times New Roman Star"ekkire:-

face="Times New Roman Star"sekir-face="Times New Roman Star"sekir-
face="Times New Roman Star"hiker-face="Times New Roman Star"sekir-
face="Times New Roman Star"sa"kir-face="Times New Roman Star"sekir-

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 408, EDT 822, ÝÑÒß 7, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 48-49, Stachowski 44. Closed reflex in Chuv. is unclear.
face="Times New Roman Star"*serc?eface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"sparrowface="Times New Roman Star"âîðîáåé
face="Times New Roman Star"sec?e (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"serc?e
face="Times New Roman Star"serc?a" (Pav. C.)


face="Times New Roman Star"sa"rc?a"face="Times New Roman Star"serc?e



face="Times New Roman Star"s/erz/i











face="Times New Roman Star"sic?a, siz?|a"
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 795, VEWT 412, ÝÑÒß 7.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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